Theory Hoare_Modal
section ‹Hoare Calculus and Modal Operators›
theory Hoare_Modal
imports Stone_Kleene_Relation_Algebras.Kleene_Algebras Complete_Domain Hoare Relative_Modal
begin
class box_precondition = relative_box_semiring + pre +
assumes pre_def: "x«p = |x]p"
begin
text ‹Theorem 47›
subclass precondition
apply unfold_locales
apply (simp add: box_x_a pre_def)
apply (simp add: box_left_mult pre_def)
using box_def box_right_submult_a_a pre_def tests_dual.sba_dual.greatest_lower_bound apply fastforce
by (simp add: box_1_a pre_def)
subclass precondition_test_test
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: a_box_a_a pre_def)
subclass precondition_promote
apply unfold_locales
using a_mult_d box_def pre_def pre_test_test by auto
subclass precondition_test_box
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: box_a_a d_def pre_def)
lemma pre_Z:
"-p ≤ x«-q ⟷ -p * x * --q ≤ Z"
by (simp add: box_demodalisation_2 pre_def)
lemma pre_left_dist_add:
"x⊔y«-q = (x«-q) * (y«-q)"
by (simp add: box_left_dist_sup pre_def)
lemma pre_left_antitone:
"x ≤ y ⟹ y«-q ≤ x«-q"
by (simp add: box_antitone_isotone pre_def)
lemma pre_promote_neg:
"(x«-q) * x * --q ≤ Z"
by (simp add: box_below_Z pre_def)
lemma pre_pc_Z:
"x«1 = 1 ⟷ x * bot ≤ Z"
by (simp add: a_strict box_x_1 pre_def)
proposition pre_sub_promote: "(x«-q) * x ≤ (x«-q) * x * -q ⊔ Z" nitpick [expect=genuine,card=6] oops
proposition pre_promote: "(x«-q) * x ⊔ Z = (x«-q) * x * -q ⊔ Z" nitpick [expect=genuine,card=6] oops
proposition pre_mult_sub_promote: "(x*y«-q) * x ≤ (x*y«-q) * x * (y«-q) ⊔ Z" nitpick [expect=genuine,card=6] oops
proposition pre_mult_promote: "(x*y«-q) * x * (y«-q) ⊔ Z = (x*y«-q) * x ⊔ Z" nitpick [expect=genuine,card=6] oops
end
class left_zero_box_precondition = box_precondition + relative_left_zero_antidomain_semiring
begin
lemma pre_sub_promote:
"(x«-q) * x ≤ (x«-q) * x * -q ⊔ Z"
using case_split_right_sup pre_promote_neg by blast
lemma pre_promote:
"(x«-q) * x ⊔ Z = (x«-q) * x * -q ⊔ Z"
apply (rule sup_same_context)
apply (simp add: pre_sub_promote)
by (metis a_below_one le_supI1 mult_1_right mult_right_isotone)
lemma pre_mult_sub_promote:
"(x*y«-q) * x ≤ (x*y«-q) * x * (y«-q) ⊔ Z"
by (metis pre_closed pre_seq pre_sub_promote)
lemma pre_mult_promote_sub:
"(x*y«-q) * x * (y«-q) ≤ (x*y«-q) * x"
by (metis mult_right_isotone mult_1_right pre_below_one)
lemma pre_mult_promote:
"(x*y«-q) * x * (y«-q) ⊔ Z = (x*y«-q) * x ⊔ Z"
by (metis sup_ge1 sup_same_context order_trans pre_mult_sub_promote pre_mult_promote_sub)
end
class diamond_precondition = relative_box_semiring + pre +
assumes pre_def: "x«p = |x>p"
begin
text ‹Theorem 47›
subclass precondition
apply unfold_locales
apply (simp add: d_def diamond_def pre_def)
apply (simp add: diamond_left_mult pre_def)
apply (metis a_antitone a_dist_sup box_antitone_isotone box_deMorgan_1 order.refl pre_def sup_right_divisibility)
by (simp add: diamond_1_a pre_def)
subclass precondition_test_test
apply unfold_locales
by (metis diamond_a_a_same diamond_a_export diamond_associative diamond_right_mult pre_def)
subclass precondition_promote
apply unfold_locales
using d_def diamond_def pre_def pre_test_test tests_dual.sub_sup_closed by force
subclass precondition_test_diamond
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: diamond_a_a pre_def)
lemma pre_left_dist_add:
"x⊔y«-q = (x«-q) ⊔ (y«-q)"
by (simp add: diamond_left_dist_sup pre_def)
lemma pre_left_isotone:
"x ≤ y ⟹ x«-q ≤ y«-q"
by (metis diamond_left_isotone pre_def)
end
class box_while = box_precondition + bounded_left_conway_semiring + ite + while +
assumes ite_def: "x⊲p⊳y = p * x ⊔ -p * y"
assumes while_def: "p⋆x = (p * x)⇧∘ * -p"
begin
subclass bounded_relative_antidomain_semiring ..
lemma Z_circ_left_zero:
"Z * x⇧∘ = Z"
using Z_left_zero_above_one circ_plus_one sup.absorb_iff2 by auto
subclass ifthenelse
apply unfold_locales
by (smt a_d_closed box_a_export box_left_dist_sup box_x_a tests_dual.case_duality d_def ite_def pre_def)
text ‹Theorem 48.1›
subclass whiledo
apply unfold_locales
apply (smt circ_loop_fixpoint ite_def ite_pre mult_assoc mult_1_right pre_one pre_seq while_def)
using pre_mult_test_promote while_def by auto
lemma pre_while_1:
"-p*(-p⋆x)«1 = -p⋆x«1"
proof -
have "--p*(-p*(-p⋆x)«1) = --p*(-p⋆x«1)"
by (metis mult_1_right pre_closed pre_seq pre_test_neg tests_dual.sba_dual.top_double_complement while_pre_else)
thus ?thesis
by (smt (z3) pre_closed pre_import tests_dual.sba_dual.top_double_complement tests_dual.sup_eq_cases)
qed
lemma aL_one_circ:
"aL = a(1⇧∘*bot)"
by (metis aL_def box_left_mult box_x_a idempotent_bot_closed idempotent_one_closed pre_def tests_dual.sba_dual.one_def while_def tests_dual.one_def)
end
class diamond_while = diamond_precondition + bounded_left_conway_semiring + ite + while +
assumes ite_def: "x⊲p⊳y = p * x ⊔ -p * y"
assumes while_def: "p⋆x = (p * x)⇧∘ * -p"
begin
subclass bounded_relative_antidomain_semiring ..
lemma Z_circ_left_zero:
"Z * x⇧∘ = Z"
by (simp add: Z_left_zero_above_one circ_reflexive)
subclass ifthenelse
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: ite_def pre_export pre_left_dist_add)
text ‹Theorem 48.2›
subclass whiledo
apply unfold_locales
apply (smt circ_loop_fixpoint ite_def ite_pre mult_assoc mult_1_right pre_one pre_seq while_def)
by (simp add: pre_mult_test_promote while_def)
lemma aL_one_circ:
"aL = d(1⇧∘*bot)"
by (metis aL_def tests_dual.complement_bot diamond_x_1 mult_left_one pre_def while_def)
end
class box_while_program = box_while + atoms
begin
subclass while_program ..
end
class diamond_while_program = diamond_while + atoms
begin
subclass while_program ..
end
class box_hoare_calculus = box_while_program + complete_antidomain_semiring
begin
subclass hoare_calculus ..
end
class diamond_hoare_calculus = diamond_while_program + complete_antidomain_semiring
begin
subclass hoare_calculus ..
end
class box_hoare_sound = box_hoare_calculus + relative_domain_semiring_split + left_kleene_conway_semiring +
assumes aL_circ: "aL * x⇧∘ ≤ x⇧⋆"
begin
lemma aL_circ_ext:
"|x⇧⋆]y ≤ |aL * x⇧∘]y"
by (simp add: aL_circ box_left_antitone)
lemma box_star_induct:
assumes "-p ≤ |x](-p)"
shows "-p ≤ |x⇧⋆](-p)"
proof -
have 1: "x*--p*top ≤ Z ⊔ --p*top"
by (metis assms Z_top sup_commute box_demodalisation_2 mult_assoc mult_left_isotone shunting_Z)
have "x*(Z ⊔ --p*top) ≤ x*--p*top ⊔ Z"
using split_Z sup_monoid.add_commute mult_assoc by force
also have "... ≤ Z ⊔ --p*top"
using 1 by simp
finally have "x*(Z ⊔ --p*top) ⊔ --p ≤ Z ⊔ --p*top"
using le_supI2 sup.bounded_iff top_right_mult_increasing by auto
thus ?thesis
by (metis sup_commute box_demodalisation_2 mult_assoc shunting_Z star_left_induct)
qed
lemma box_circ_induct:
"-p ≤ |x](-p) ⟹ -p*aL ≤ |x⇧∘](-p)"
by (smt aL_circ_ext aL_test box_left_mult box_star_induct order_trans tests_dual.inf_commutative pre_closed pre_def pre_test tests_dual.shunting_right)
lemma a_while_soundness:
assumes "-p*-q ≤ |x](-q)"
shows "aL*-q ≤ |(-p*x)⇧∘*--p](-q)"
proof -
have "|(-p*x)⇧∘](-q) ≤ |(-p*x)⇧∘*--p](-q)"
by (meson box_left_antitone circ_mult_upper_bound circ_reflexive order.refl order.trans tests_dual.sub_bot_least)
thus ?thesis
by (smt assms box_import_shunting box_circ_induct order_trans sub_comm aL_test)
qed
subclass hoare_calculus_sound
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: a_while_soundness pre_def while_def)
end
class diamond_hoare_sound = diamond_hoare_calculus + left_kleene_conway_semiring +
assumes aL_circ: "aL * x⇧∘ ≤ x⇧⋆"
begin
lemma aL_circ_equal:
"aL * x⇧∘ = aL * x⇧⋆"
apply (rule order.antisym)
using aL_circ aL_one_circ d_restrict_iff_1 apply force
by (simp add: mult_right_isotone star_below_circ)
lemma aL_zero:
"aL = bot"
by (smt aL_circ_equal aL_one_circ d_export d_idempotent diamond_d_bot diamond_def mult_assoc mult_1_right star_one)
subclass hoare_calculus_sound
apply unfold_locales
using aL_zero by auto
end
class box_hoare_complete = box_hoare_calculus + left_kleene_conway_semiring +
assumes box_circ_induct_2: "-p*|x](-q) ≤ -q ⟶ |x⇧∘](-p) ≤ -q⊔aL"
assumes aL_zero_or_one: "aL = bot ∨ aL = 1"
assumes while_mult_left_dist_Prod: "x ∈ While_program ∧ descending_chain t ∧ test_seq t ⟶ x*Prod t = Prod (λn . x*t n)"
begin
subclass hoare_calculus_complete
apply unfold_locales
apply (metis aL_zero_or_one bot_least order.eq_iff mult_1_right pre_closed tests_dual.sup_right_zero)
subgoal
apply (unfold pre_def box_def)
by (metis a_ascending_chain a_dist_Prod a_dist_Sum descending_chain_left_mult while_mult_left_dist_Prod test_seq_def)
by (smt box_circ_induct_2 tests_dual.double_negation tests_dual.greatest_lower_bound tests_dual.upper_bound_left mult_right_dist_sup pre_closed pre_def pre_import pre_seq pre_test sub_mult_closed while_def)
end
class diamond_hoare_complete = diamond_hoare_calculus + relative_domain_semiring_split + left_kleene_conway_semiring +
assumes dL_circ: "-aL*x⇧∘ ≤ x⇧⋆"
assumes aL_zero_or_one: "aL = bot ∨ aL = 1"
assumes while_mult_left_dist_Sum: "x ∈ While_program ∧ ascending_chain t ∧ test_seq t ⟶ x*Sum t = Sum (λn . x*t n)"
begin
lemma diamond_star_induct_var:
assumes "|x>(d p) ≤ d p"
shows "|x⇧⋆>(d p) ≤ d p"
proof -
have "x * (d p * x⇧⋆ ⊔ Z) ≤ d p * x * x⇧⋆ ⊔ Z * x⇧⋆ ⊔ Z"
by (metis assms sup_left_isotone d_mult_d diamond_def diamond_demodalisation_3 mult_assoc mult_left_isotone mult_right_dist_sup order_trans split_Z)
also have "... ≤ d p * x⇧⋆ ⊔ Z"
by (metis Z_mult_decreasing mult_right_isotone star.left_plus_below_circ sup.bounded_iff sup_ge1 sup_mono sup_monoid.add_commute mult_assoc)
finally show ?thesis
by (smt sup_commute le_sup_iff sup_ge2 d_mult_d diamond_def diamond_demodalisation_3 order_trans star.circ_back_loop_prefixpoint star_left_induct)
qed
lemma diamond_star_induct:
"d q ⊔ |x>(d p) ≤ d p ⟹ |x⇧⋆>(d q) ≤ d p"
by (metis le_sup_iff diamond_star_induct_var diamond_right_isotone order_trans)
lemma while_completeness_1:
assumes "-p*(x«-q) ≤ -q"
shows "-p⋆x«-q ≤ -q⊔aL"
proof -
have "--p*-q ⊔ |-p*x>(-q) ≤ -q"
using assms pre_def pre_export tests_dual.upper_bound_right by auto
hence "|(-p*x)⇧⋆>(--p*-q) ≤ -q"
by (smt diamond_star_induct d_def sub_mult_closed tests_dual.double_negation)
hence "|-aL*(-p*x)⇧∘>(--p*-q) ≤ -q"
by (meson dL_circ diamond_isotone order.eq_iff order.trans)
thus ?thesis
by (smt aL_test diamond_a_export diamond_def mult_assoc tests_dual.inf_commutative pre_closed pre_def tests_dual.shunting while_def)
qed
subclass hoare_calculus_complete
apply unfold_locales
apply (metis aL_test aL_zero_or_one bot_least order.eq_iff pre_closed pre_test pre_test_one tests_dual.sup_right_zero)
subgoal
apply (unfold pre_def diamond_def)
by (simp add: ascending_chain_left_mult d_dist_Sum while_mult_left_dist_Sum)
by (simp add: while_completeness_1)
end
class box_hoare_valid = box_hoare_sound + box_hoare_complete + hoare_triple +
assumes hoare_triple_def: "p⦃x⦄q ⟷ p ≤ |x]q"
begin
text ‹Theorem 49.2›
subclass hoare_calculus_valid
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: hoare_triple_def pre_def)
lemma rule_skip_valid:
"-p⦃1⦄-p"
by (simp add: rule_skip)
end
class diamond_hoare_valid = diamond_hoare_sound + diamond_hoare_complete + hoare_triple +
assumes hoare_triple_def: "p⦃x⦄q ⟷ p ≤ |x>q"
begin
lemma circ_star_equal:
"x⇧∘ = x⇧⋆"
by (metis aL_zero order.antisym dL_circ mult_left_one one_def star_below_circ)
text ‹Theorem 49.1›
subclass hoare_calculus_valid
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: hoare_triple_def pre_def)
end
class diamond_hoare_sound_2 = diamond_hoare_calculus + left_kleene_conway_semiring +
assumes diamond_circ_induct_2: "--p*-q ≤ |x>(-q) ⟶ aL*-q ≤ |x⇧∘>(-p)"
begin
subclass hoare_calculus_sound
apply unfold_locales
by (smt a_export diamond_associative diamond_circ_induct_2 tests_dual.double_negation tests_dual.sup_complement_intro pre_def pre_import_equiv_mult sub_comm sub_mult_closed while_def)
end
class diamond_hoare_valid_2 = diamond_hoare_sound_2 + diamond_hoare_complete + hoare_triple +
assumes hoare_triple_def: "p⦃x⦄q ⟷ p ≤ |x>q"
begin
subclass hoare_calculus_valid
apply unfold_locales
by (simp add: hoare_triple_def pre_def)
end
end